Giving orders

Giving orders
Приказания
1)
а) Для выражения приказаний может использоваться повелительное наклонение (см. Imperative) или конструкция с глаголом let (если лицо, к которому обращено приказание, не совпадает с субъектом упомянутого действия).

Give me the umbrella! — Дайте мне зонтик!

He gave me the book, it's mine. Let him buy another one! — Он отдал мне книгу, она моя. Пусть покупает другую!

б) Запрет выражается также при помощи конструкции с cannot (can't) или конструкциями No + ing-form и др.

You can't do that — Нельзя это делать!

No smoking! — Не курить!

Parking prohibited — Парковка запрещена.

2) Существуют разнообразные способы выразить приказание более мягко:
а) использование слова please - пожалуйста

Please shut the door — Пожалуйста, закройте дверь.

б) использование расчлененного вопроса (см. Tag question), включающего повелительное наклонение. Вопросительная часть в этом случае имеет вид will you?, would you? или won't you? (для того, чтобы просьба звучала мягче).

Give me your hand, would you? — Дай-ка мне твою руку.

в) использование конструкций с модальными глаголами should, ought to, конструкции be to или конструкции had better + bare infinitive

You should hurry up — Тебе следует поторопиться.

You ought to go and see John — Тебе следовало бы повидать Джона.

You're always to knock before you enter my room — Всегда нужно стучаться, перед тем как войти ко мне в комнату

You had better not smoke here — Ты бы лучше не курил здесь.

— Просьбы см. Requests


English-Russian grammar dictionary. 2014.

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